Thermodynamic values

ผู้ช่วยศาสตราจารย์ ดร.วรวิทย์  จันทร์สุวรรณ
ปรับปรุงล่าสุด :  1 ธันวาคม 2565

ค่าทางอุณหพลศาสตร์ของสารบางชนิด (298 K, 1 atm)

อนุมูล (Species) ΔHf° (kJ/mol) ΔS° (J/K·mol) ΔGf° (kJ/mol)
Al(s) 0 28.3 0
AlCl3(s) -704.2 110.67 -628.8
Al2O3(s) -1675.7 50.92 -1582.3
Ca2+(aq) -542.96 -55.2 -553.04
CO32-(aq) -676.26 -53.1 -528.1
CO2(aq) -413.8 117.6 -386.0
Cl-(aq) -167.16 56.5 -131.26
H+(aq) 0 0 0
HCO2-(aq) -410 91.6 -335
HCO2H(aq) -410 164 -356
HCO3-(aq) -691.11 95 -587.06
H2CO3(aq) -698.7 191 -623.42
NH3(aq) -80.29 111 -26.6
OH-(aq) -229.94 -10.54 -157.3
Ag+(aq) 105.58 72.68 77.124
BaCl2(s) -858.6 123.68 -810.4
BaCl2·2H2O(s) -1460.1 203 -1296.5
BaO(s) -553.5 70.42 -525.1
Ba(OH)2·8H2O(s) -3342 427 -2793
BaSO4(s) -1473.2 132.2 -1362.2
Be(s) 0 9.5 0
Be(OH)2(s) -902.5 51.9 -815
Br(g) 111.884 175.022 82.396
Br2(l) 0 152.2 0
Br2(g) 30.907 245.463 3.11
BrF3(g) -255.6 292.53 -229.43
HBr(g) -36.4 198.695 -53.45
Ca(s) 0 41.42 0
Ca(g) 178.2 158.884 144.3
Ca2+(g) 1925.9
CaC2(s) -59.8 69.96 -64.9
CaCO3(s) -1206.92 92.9 -1128.79
CaCl2(s) -795.8 104.6 -748.1
CaF2(s) -1219.6 68.87 -1167.3
CaH2(s) -186.2 42 -147.2
CaO(s) -635.09 39.75 -604.03
CaS(s) -482.4 56.5 -477.4
Ca(OH)2(s) -986.09 83.39 -898.49
Ca(OH)2(aq) -1002.82 -74.5 -868.07
CaSO4(s) -1434.11 106.7 -1321.79
C(s, graphite) 0 5.74 0
C(s, diamond) 1.895 2.377 2.9
C(g) 716.682 158.096 671.257
CCl4(l) -135.44 216.4 -65.21
CCl4(g) -102.9 309.85 -60.59
CHCl3(l) -134.47 201.7 -73.66
CHCl3(g) -103.14 295.71 -70.34
CH4(g) -74.81 186.264 -50.72
C2H2(g) 226.73 200.94 209.2
C2H4(g) 52.26 219.56 68.15
C2H6(g) -84.68 229.6 -32.82
C3H8(g, n-propane) -103.8 269.9 -23.49
C4H10(g, n-butane) -126.15 310.0 -17.9
C6H6(g, benzene) 82.6 269.3 130.0
C6H6(l, benzene) 49.03 172.8 124.5
C6H14(l, n-hexane) -198.782 296.018 -4.035
C8H18(l, n-octane) -249.952 361.205 6.707
CH3OH(l) -238.66 126.8 -166.27
CH3OH(g) -200.66 239.81 -161.96
C2H5OH(l) -277.69 160.7 -174.78
C2H5OH(g) -235.1 282.7 -168.49
CH3COOH(l) -276.981 160.666 -173.991
CO(NH2)2(s, urea) -333.5 104.6 -197.4
C6H12O6(s, glucose) -1268.0 212 -190
CO(g) -110.525 197.674 -137.168
CO2(g) -393.509 213.74 -394.359
CS2(g) 117.36 237.84 67.12
COCl2(g) -218.8 283.53 -204.6
Cs(s) 0 85.23 0
Cs+(g) 457.964
CsCl(s) -443.04 101.17 -414.53
Cl(g) 121.679 165.198 105.68
Cl-(g) -233.13
Cl2(g) 0 223.066 0
HCl(g) -92.307 186.908 -95.299
HCl(aq) -167.159 56.5 -131.228
Cr(s) 0 23.77 0
Cr2O3(s) -1139.7 81.2 -1058.1
CrCl3(s) -556.5 123 -486.1
Cu(s) 0 33.15 0
CuO(s) -157.3 42.63 -129.7
CuCl2(s) -220.1 108.07 -175.7
F2(g) 0 202.78 0
F(g) 78.99 158.754 61.91
F-(g) -255.39
F-(aq) -332.63 -13.8 -278.79
HF(g) -271.1 173.779 -273.2
HF(aq) -332.63 -13.8 -278.79
H2(g) 0 130.684 0
H(g) 217.965 114.713 203.247
H+(g) 1536.202
H2O(l) -285.83 69.91 -237.129
H2O(g) -241.818 188.825 -228.572
H2O2(l) -187.78 109.6 -120.35
I2(s) 0 116.135 0
I2(g) 62.438 260.69 19.327
I(g) 106.838 180.791 70.25
I-(g) -197
ICl(g) 17.78 247.551 -5.46
Fe(s) 0 27.78 0
FeO(s) -272
Fe2O3(s,hematite) -824.2 87.4 -742.2
Fe3O4(s,magnetite) -1118.4 146.4 -1015.4
FeCl2(s) -341.79 117.95 -302.3
FeCl3(s) -399.49 142.3 -344
FeS2(s, pyrite) -178.2 52.93 -166.9
Fe(CO)5(l) -774 338.1 -705.3
Pb(s) 0 64.81 0
PbCl2(s) -359.41 136 -314.1
PbO(s, yellow) -217.32 68.7 -187.89
PbS(s) -100.4 91.2 -98.7
Li(s) 0 29.12 0
Li+(g) 685.783
LiOH(s) -484.93 42.8 -438.95
LiOH(aq) -508.48 2.8 -450.58
LiCl(s) -408.701 59.33 -384.37
Mg(s) 0 32.68 0
MgCl2(g) -641.32 89.62 -591.79
MgO(s) -601.7 26.94 -569.43
Mg(OH)2(s) -924.54 63.18 -833.51
MgS(s) -346 50.33 -341.8
Hg(l) 0 29.87 0
HgCl2(s) -224.3 146 -178.6
HgO(s, red) -90.83 70.29 -58.539
HgS(s, red) -58.2 82.4 -50.6
Ni(s) 0 29.87 0
NiO(s) -239.7 37.99 -211.7
NiCl2(s) -305.332 97.65 -259.032
N2(g) 0 191.61 0
N(g) 472.704 153.298 455.563
NH3(g) -46.11 192.45 -16.45
N2H4(l) 50.63 121.21 149.34
NH4Cl(s) -314.43 94.6 -202.87
NH4Cl(aq) -299.66 169.9 -210.52
NH4NO3(s) -365.56 151.08 -183.87
NH4NO3(aq) -339.87 259.8 -190.56
NO(g) 90.25 210.76 86.55
NO2(g) 33.18 240.06 51.31
N2O(g) 82.05 219.85 104.2
N2O4(g) 9.16 304.29 97.89
NOCl(g) 51.71 261.69 66.08
HNO3(l) -174.1 155.6 -80.71
HNO3(g) -135.06 266.38 -74.72
HNO3(aq) -207.36 146.4 -111.25
O2(g) 0 205.138 0
O(g) 249.17 161.055 231.731
O3(g) 142.7 238.93 163.2
P4(s,white) 0 164.36 0
P4(s,red) -70.4 91.2 -48.4
P(g) 314.64 163.193 278.25
PH3(g) 5.4 310.23 13.4
PCl3(g) -287 311.78 -267.8
P4O10(s) -2984 228.86 -2697.7
H3PO4(s) -1279 110.5 -1119.1
K(s) 0 64.18 0
KCl(s) -436.747 82.59 -409.14
KClO3(s) -397.73 143.1 -296.25
KI(s) -327.9 106.32 -324.892
KOH(s) -424.764 78.9 -379.08
KOH(aq) -482.37 91.6 -440.5
Si(s) 0 18.83 0
SiBr4(l) -457.3 277.8 -443.8
SiC(s) -65.3 16.61 -62.8
SiCl4(g) -657.01 330.73 -616.98
SiH4(g) 34.3 204.62 56.9
SiF4(g) -1614.94 282.49 -1572.65
SiO2(s,quartz) -910.94 41.84 -856.64
Ag(s) 0 42.55 0
Ag2O(s) -31.05 121.3 -11.2
AgCl(s) -127.068 96.2 -109.789
AgNO3(s) -124.39 140.92 -33.41
Na(s) 0 51.21 0
Na(g) 107.32 153.712 76.761
Na+(g) 609.358
NaBr(s) -361.062 86.82 -348.983
NaCl(s) -411.153 72.13 -384.138
NaCl(g) -176.65 229.81 -196.66
NaCl(aq) -407.27 115.5 -393.133
NaOH(s) -425.609 64.455 -379.484
NaOH(aq) -470.114 48.1 -419.15
Na2CO3(s) -1130.68 134.98 -1044.44
S(s,rhombic) 0 31.8 0
S(g) 278.805 167.821 238.25
S2Cl2(g) -18.4 331.5 -31.8
SF6(g) 1209 291.82 -1105.3
H2S(g) -20.63 205.79 -33.56
SO2(g) -296.83 248.22 -300.194
SO3(g) -395.72 256.76 -371.06
SOCl2(g) -212.5 309.77 -198.3
H2SO4(l) -813.989 156.904 -690.003
H2SO4(aq) -909.27 20.1 -744.53
Sn(s,white) 0 51.55 0
Sn(s,gray) -2.09 44.14 0.13
SnCl4(l) -511.3 248.6 -440.1
SnCl4(g) -471.5 365.8 -432.2
SnO2(s) -580.7 52.3 -519.6
Ti(s) 0 30.63 0
TiCl4(l) -804.2 252.34 -737.2
TiCl4(g) -763.2 354.9 -726.7
TiO2(s) -939.7 49.92 -884.5
Zn(s) 0 41.63 0
ZnCl2(s) -415.05 111.46 -369.398
ZnO(s) -348.28 43.64 -318.3
ZnS(s, sphalerite) -205.98 57.7 -201.29

ที่มา “The NBS Tables of Chemical Thermodynamic Properties” (1982) and "CRC Handbook of Chemistry and Physics" (1988).

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APA : วรวิทย์ จันทร์สุวรรณ. (2565, 1 ธันวาคม). ค่าทางอุณหพลศาสตร์. Active Learning: Learning for All. https://sci.rmutp.ac.th/woravith/?page_id=11855